(THIS ARTICLE IS MACHINE TRANSLATED by Google from Norwegian)
(May 26, 2016):
The following non-legally binding working definition of anti-Semitism is:
"Anti-Semitism is a certain view of Jews that can be expressed as hatred of Jews. Rhetorical and physical expressions of anti-Semitism are directed at Jewish or non-Jewish individuals and / or their property, at Jewish community institutions and religious facilities. "
To guide IHRA in the work ', the following examples can serve as illustrations:
Anti-Semitic expressions could be directed at the state of Israel, considered a Jewish collective. However, criticism of Israel, like criticism of other countries, cannot be considered anti-Semitic. Anti-Semitism often accuses Jews of collaborating to harm humanity, and it is often used to blame Jews for "why everything goes wrong." It is expressed in speech, writing, visual forms and actions and uses derogatory stereotypes and negative character traits.
Examples of anti-Semitism in the public sphere today, in the media, in schools, in the workplace and in the religious context, may, given the general context, include, but are not limited to:
- Inciting, contributing to or justifying the killing or harming of Jews with reference to a radical ideology or an extremist view of religion.
2. Promoting false, dehumanizing, demonizing or stereotyping claims about Jews as such or about the power of Jews as a collective – such as, in particular, but not exclusively, the myth of a worldwide Jewish conspiracy or that Jews control the media, economy, government or other community institutions.
3. Accusing Jews as a people of being responsible for real or imagined wrongdoings committed by a single Jewish person or group, or for acts committed by non-Jews.
4. To deny the facts, scope and mechanisms (eg gas chambers) used in National Socialist Germany's genocide of the Jewish people during the Second World War (Holocaust).
5. Accusing the Jews as a people, or Israel as a state, of being behind or exaggerating the significance of the Holocaust.
6. Accusing Jewish citizens of being more loyal to Israel or the interests of Jews worldwide than to the interests of the country in which they live.
7. Denying the Jewish people the right to self-determination, for example by claiming that the state of Israel is a racist project.
8. Using double standards by directing behavioral requirements to Israel that are not directed at other democratic nations.
9. Using symbols and images associated with classic anti-Semitism (eg claims that it was Jews who killed Jesus, or blood libel) to characterize Israel or Israelis.
10. To compare today's Israeli policy with that of the Nazis.
11. To hold Jews collectively responsible for the actions committed by the State of Israel.
Anti-Semitic acts are criminal when they are defined as such by law (for example, in the case of Holocaust denial or the dissemination of anti-Semitic material in some countries).
Criminal acts are anti-Semitic when the targets, whether people or property – such as buildings, schools, religious sites and cemeteries – are attacked because they are, or are perceived to be, Jewish or associated with Jews.
Anti-Semitic discrimination is denying Jews opportunities or services available to others, and is illegal in many countries.
Translation by John Y. Jones
